Chain surveying is the easiest type of survey in which area to be surveyed is divided into a number of triangles. Offsets to corner points b, c, e and f are now laid from the chain line ad either by tape or crossstaff and their foot of offsets are g, i. Chain surveying the simplest method of surveying in which only linear measurements are made and no angular measurements are taken. Engineering survey engineering surveys those surveys associated with the engineering design topographic, layout and asbuilt 15. Procedure for surveying the given open field closed traverse. Survey field procedures manual prepared by the division of. Chain survey method for performing chain surveying how to. All the chain surveying tools or types of chains that and used in surveying along with their features. Keeping the arrow in the same position, the leader pulls the chain for measuring the further distance. Apr 21, 2020 principle of chain surveying, surveying and levelling agricultural engineering notes edurev is made by best teachers of agricultural engineering. Chain used for chain surveying each link at the end is bent into a loop and is connected to adjoiningly by means of three oval rings which offers flexibility to the chain. This involves both horizontal and vertical measurements.
Ce 104 practical surveying sessional lab manual ahsanullah. Chapter 3 surveying equipment, measurements and errors table of contents. Surveying, level, leveling, civil engineering, site. It enabled plots of land to be accurately surveyed and plotted, for legal and commercial purposes. D egreesminutesseconds d ecimal degrees 1 0 2 3 12 1 8 1 1 4 2. To survey an open field by chain survey in order to calculate the area of the open field.
Because of its ease of use, it is used during reconnaissance survey as a quick method of surveying to get a rough idea in the location to be surveyed. If carefully done, it gives quite accurate results. Principle of chain surveying, surveying and levelling. Punmia, ashok kumar jain, arun kumar jain surveying vol. Optician, manufacturer of surveying and drawing instruments, author of a treatise on. Surveying ae aee ace academy handwritten notes pdf free download for assistant engineer and assistant executive engineer government posts exams. In my previous post i have discussed about the procedure, principle and only brief introduction of instruments used in chain surveying. After participating in this fieldwork students will become more comfortable with handling chain and ranging rods. Technical terms used in chain surveying survey stations these are important point fixed on ground indicating the starting point and the end point of the survey line. Chain survey can also be used when the area is open and details to be filled up are simple and less. Modern surveying instruments provides faster and more precise surveying than conventional instruments. Before any engineering work can be started we must prepare a plan or map of the area showing topographical details. View and download powerpoint presentations on chain surveying instruments ppt. Viewer has to keep in mind that this video only shows the basics of chain surveying observation in field, it also.
Traverse is a method in the field of surveying to establish control networks. Demonstration of chain surveying related to field work and office work. Chains or tapes are used to measure distances on the field. Usually, a chain has a total length of 20 metres, including one handle at each end. Chain survey procedure, applicability, survey stations and their selection. Surveying notes pdf book starts with the topics distance measurement conventions and methods, theodolite, description, uses, and adjustments. Offsets to corner points b, c, e and f are now laid from the chain line ad either by tape or crossstaff and their foot of offsets are g, i, j, h respectively. Elements of plane table survey working operations, methods of plane table survey.
This site is like a library, use search box in the widget to get ebook that you want. A brief history of surveying tools in north america by jon dotson. Chain survey free download as powerpoint presentation. Uniti definitions, principle, various types of surveyingbased on methods and instruments, classifications, uses, necessity and use of various scales and verniers different types of ranging, tapes, chains, linear measurements, approximate, direct, optical and electronic methods, chain surveying, minor instruments for setting out right angle. Pdf chain surveying is the branch of surveying in which only linear measurements are made in the field. Pdf key points on chain surveying araen shinge academia. Their types and uses are discussed in this article. In this case ad is the longest and a chain line running from a to d is laid.
Chain surveying, it is a method of surveying in which no angles are measured but only linear measurement is taken in the field by using a chain or tape measure. Here in we have gathered some pdf lectures on surveying. Click download or read online button to get elementary surveying book now. In chain survey, only measurements are taken in the field, and the rest work, such as. Get pdf surveying 1 ebook, notes download for btech civil engineers in civil engineering 2nd year notes, books, ebooks section at.
It measures a series of straight lines on the ground with a chain or tape measure and all fixed points relative to the line of traverse either by right angles offsets or tie lines. Instruments used in chain surveying survey instruments chain or tape. In addition, they also have features for measurement to points that cannot. It is the art of measuring horizontal and vertical distances between objects, of measuring. When the rear end of chain comes to the arrow fixed to the leader, the follower holds the rear end of handle at that point. Surveying 1 important questions chain surveying is the type of surveying in which only linear measurements are made in the field. Another version used extensively in forestry and surveying is the hip chain.
It derives its name from the fact that the principle equipment commonly used is the chain. Chain surveysurveying is a very old method of surveying. Distance of the follower from the starting point is. Instruments should only be checked under favorable conditions. This document is highly rated by agricultural engineering students and has been viewed 10334 times. The chain survey is preferred when the ground is nearly flat and open and also when the area to be surveyed is smaller.
Surveying is an art of determining the relative positions of various points on, above or below the surface of the earth by means of direct or indirect measurement of distance, direction and elevation. Surveying 1 important questions regulation 20 anna university. In this post i am going to elaborate in detail about the equipment used in chain surveying. Surveying is a very important part of civil engineering. This volume is one of the two which offer a comprehensive course in those parts of theory and practice of plane and geodetic surveying that are most commonly used by civil engineers. Each topic introduced is thoroughly described, the theory is rigorously developed, and a large number of numerical. Elementary surveying download ebook pdf, epub, tuebl, mobi. Instruments for the direct measurement of directions. Chain chainage meaning in detail before the metric system was implemented in india, a 100foot engineering chain, a 66foot gutter chain, and a 33foot revenue chain were used. Use and adjustment of surveyors and prismatic compass. Engineering surveying lecture notesebook pdf download. Chapter 3 surveying equipment, measurements and errors. Basic surveying theory and practice definition of trigonometric functions all trigonometric functions are simply ratios of one side of a right triangle to a second side of the same triangle, or one side over another side. Mar 27, 2017 hi friends here i am uploading some high quality notes for the subject engineering surveying.
In chain surveying only linear measurements are made i. In order to promote public education and public safety, equal justice for all, a better informed citizenry, the rule of law, world trade and world peace, this legal document is hereby made available on a noncommercial basis, as it is the right of all humans to know and speak the laws that govern them. Survey of an area by chain survey closed traverse objective. In this survey only measurements are taken in the field, and the rest work, such as plotting calculation etc. Invented by the english mathematician edmund gunter in the early 17th century, gunters chain is exactly 22 yards about 20 m long and divided into 100 links. It is the method of surveying in which the area is divided into network of triangles and the sides of the various triangles are measured directly in the field with chain or tape and no angular measurements are taken.
The main principle of chain surveying or chain triangulation is to provide a framework consist of number of wellconditioned triangles or nearly equilateral. The range available with us is manufactured using premium grade raw material and tested severely for compliance with all existing national and international quality standards. Surveyors chain, also called gunters chain, measuring device and arbitrary measurement unit still widely used for surveying in englishspeaking countries. The distinction between functions is which two sides are compared in the ratio. Write the names of the instruments used in chain surveying.
Surveying lab manual pdf surveying 1 lab manual pdf. Feb 28, 20 geodetic surveying in this type of surveying curvature of earth is considered. Here you can download the free lecture notes of surveying pdf notes, materials with multiple file links to download. Principle of chain surveying, advantages and disadvantages of chain surveying advantages. The chain is a unit of length equal to 66 feet 22 yards. Pdf surveying 1 ebook, notes download for btech civil. Chain surveying ppt free download as powerpoint presentation. In conventional surveying, chain and tape are used for making linear measurements while compass and ordinary theodolites are used for making angular measurements.
It was designed and introduced in 1620 by english clergyman and mathematician edmund gunter 15811626. Determination of two inaccessible points with compass. This article includes the definition of chain survey along with all detailed information with necessary images about various aspects of chain surveying. Firstly, inspect the area to be surveyed and prepare key plan. Different types of direction measuring instruments and their uses. The length of chain is the distance between the outside of handles. Chain survey is suitable when area to be surveyed is comparatively small and the ground is fairly level. By extension, chainage running distance is the distance along a curved or straight survey line from a fixed commencing point, as given by an odometer. Chain survey is the simplest and commonest method used in surveying exercises. A brief history of surveying tools in north america. Gunters chain also known as gunters measurement is a distance measuring device used for surveying. These notes are really good and will definitely help you prepare well for this subjects semester exam. Chain surveying definition, details, procedure civil.
Plan surveying plane surveying, which assumes that the earth is flat this survey use for a small area 14. Sep 09, 2016 demonstration of chain surveying related to field work and office work. All the chain surveying tools or types of chains that and used in surveying. Various article about different surveying issue are discussed here. Chain tape surveying is the simplest form of detail surveying.
There are 10 chains in a furlong, and 80 chains in one statute mile. What is the chain surveying january 2, 2018 january 26, 2018 by kathir 2 comments. These instruments are available in both feet and metres. Follower holds the zero end of the chain and the leader fixes up an arrow at the end of one chain length. Scope of manual this manual, in general, covers divisionwide surveying policies and procedures and appropriate reference material. Instruments used in chain survey chain used for surveying.
Lecturer, senior technical assistant department of mining engineering, indian school of mines, dhanbad 826004 abstract although surveying techniques have always played a primary role in. Then, mark stations using suitable means such as fixing ranging poles, driving pegs, and digging and fixing a stone. Nor is it a substitute for surveying knowledge, experience or judgment. Bahuguna, dheeraj kumar, sunil kumar associate professor, sr. What is chain surveying principles, procedure, method.
Compass surveying principles use of prismatic compass, measurement of. Surveying chain pins arrows by bureau of indian standards. The first volume focuses on both the theoretical concepts and their practical applications. Solution manual for elementary surveying th edition. Chain survey procedure, applicability, survey stations. Find powerpoint presentations and slides using the power of, find free presentations research about chain surveying instruments ppt. What is the fundamental principle of chain surveying.
The necessary requirements for field work are chain, tape, ranging rod, arrows and. Surveying instruments are designed and constructed to provide years of reliable use. Basic surveying theory and practice for performing certain mathematical operations with angles, it is sometimes easier to convert to decimal degrees first, perform the necessary math, then convert back to degrees, minutes, and seconds. Jun 16, 2015 chain surveying, it is a method of surveying in which no angles are measured but only linear measurement is taken in the field by using a chain or tape measure.
Surveying 1 video tutorial principles of surveying fundamental principles of surveying surveying basics this video explains the two fundamental principles of surveying. Download file pdf solution manual for elementary surveying th edition solution manual for elementary surveying th edition ce 311. Type of surveying is suitable for surveys of small extent on open ground to secure data for exact description of the boundaries of a piece of land or to take sample detail. Specific surveying equipment is described below, along with its uses and any special precautions for its care.
It is a basic course for all universities for civil engineers. Instruments used in chain surveying iamcivilengineer. The first volume covers in 24 chapters, the most common surveying operations. In the field, make adjustments only when the instrument results are poor or require excessive manipulation. We hope students all over the world will find it helpful.
Surveying and levelling instruments, theoretically. Instruments used in chain survey chain, 20m or 30m long tape arrows ranging rods wooden or iron pegs plumb bob cross staff chain used for surveying 20m chain 100 links 30m chain 150 links 1 links 20cm links of chain are made by mild steel wire 4mm diameter. Reference meridians, bearing and azimuths, magnetic declination and its variation. Sometimes a special joint or a tally marker is attached every 5 metres. This is most suitable adapted to small plane areas with very few details.
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